What VRF actually is, in plain English.
VRF stands for Variable Refrigerant Flow. The system runs refrigerant piping (not ductwork) from a single outdoor condensing unit to multiple indoor heads scattered through the building. Each indoor head modulates its own capacity by metering the refrigerant flow at that head. One outdoor unit can carry 5 to 50+ indoor zones depending on the platform.
VRV is Daikin's brand name for the same technology. Mitsubishi calls their version City Multi. LG calls theirs Multi V. Samsung calls theirs DVM. The underlying engineering is the same: inverter-driven compressor, variable refrigerant flow per zone, networked controls. Each manufacturer optimizes the details (oil return strategy, branch box design, control protocol), so the platform choice still matters even though the category is interchangeable.
Compared to ductwork-based central HVAC, VRF replaces large air handlers and sheet-metal trunks with refrigerant piping the diameter of a garden hose. That is the unlock for NYC commercial work: a building that cannot accept ductwork (landmarked ceilings, low slab-to-slab, occupied retrofit) can still get full zoning with VRF because the refrigerant lines fit where ducts do not.